PRE-MOTOR SYMPTOMS OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE

31st December 2015 

Parkinson's disease is characterised by motor and non-motor clinical features. The latter may present as pre-motor symptoms several years before the onset of motor symptoms. Pre-motor symptoms have been found to be associated to a later motor onset of Parkinson's Disease.

The overall frequency of pre-motor symptoms was 76%. Among the most prevalent symptoms were depression (38%), sleep disorders (37%) and anxiety (36%). The time prior to motor onset was greatest for constipation (9 years) and pain (8 years). 

People with more than two pre-motor symptoms had a later age at motor onset when compared to people without pre-motor symptoms (56 v 52). Late onset patients had a higher frequency of pre-motor symptoms (79% v 65% in early onset) and worse symptoms than early onset. Females reported a higher number of pre-motor symptoms (1.9 v 1.4). Anxiety lead-time was greater in tremor-dominant compared to bradykinetic-rigid patients (3 years). 

Pre-motor symptoms load is associated to a later motor onset of PD. Pre-motor symptoms are more frequent in subjects with late onset Parkinson's disease. Female subjects report a higher number of pre-motor symptoms, depression and anxiety being the most common.

Reference : Journal of Parkinson's Disease [2015] Dec 10 [Epub ahead of print] (M. Rodríguez-Violante, A.J.de Saráchaga, A.Cervantes-Arriaga, R.Millán-Cepeda, R.Leal- Ortega, I.Estrada-Bellmann, C.Zuñiga-Ramírez)

Complete abstract : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26683422
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