Source: UCL.
Summary: UCL researchers report people with a higher body mass index are more likely to develop dementia than those of a lower weight.
Past research on how a person’s weight influences their risk of dementia has produced conflicting results. Some findings have suggested that being obese poses a higher dementia risk, but other studies have linked lower weight to increased dementia incidence. NeuroscienceNews.com image is in the public domain.
In this study, researchers from across Europe pooled individual-level data from 39 longitudinal population studies from the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Sweden, and Finland. A total of 1,349,857 dementia-free adults participated in these studies and their weight and height were assessed. Dementia was ascertained using linkage to electronic health records obtained from hospitalisation, prescribed medication and death registries.
A total of 6,894 participants developed dementia during up to 38 years of follow-up. Two decades before symptomatic dementia, higher BMI predicted dementia occurrence: each 5-unit increase in BMI was associated with a 16-33% higher risk of this condition (5 BMI units is 14.5kg for a person 5’7″ (170cm) tall, approximately the difference in weight between the overweight and normal weight categories or between the obese and overweight categories). In contrast, the mean level of BMI during pre-clinical stage close to dementia onset was lower compared to that in participants who remained healthy.
In 2015, the number of people with dementia reached almost 45 million, two times more than in 1990. This study suggests that maintaining a healthy weight could prevent, or at least delay, dementia.
Funding: This research was supported by the NordForsk, Nordic Programme on Health and Welfare, UK Medical Research Council, and others.
Source: Rowan Walker – UCL
Publisher: Organized by NeuroscienceNews.com.
Image Source: NeuroscienceNews.com image is in the public domain.
Original Research: Full open access research for “Body mass index and risk of dementia: Analysis of individual-level data from 1.3 million individuals” by Mika Kivimäki’Correspondence information about the author Mika Kivimäki, Ritva Luukkonen, G. David Batty, Jane E. Ferrie, Jaana Pentti, Solja T. Nyberg, Martin J. Shipley, Lars Alfredsson, Eleonor I. Fransson, Marcel Goldberg, Anders Knutsson, Markku Koskenvuo, Eeva Kuosma, Maria Nordin, Sakari B. Suominen, Töres Theorell, Eero Vuoksimaa, Peter Westerholm, Hugo Westerlund, Marie Zins, Miia Kivipelto, Jussi Vahtera, Jaakko Kaprio, Archana Singh-Manoux, and Markus Jokela in Alzheimer’s & Dementia. Published online November 20 2017 doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2017.09.016
Abstract
Body mass index and risk of dementia: Analysis of individual-level data from 1.3 million individuals
Introduction
Higher midlife body mass index (BMI) is suggested to increase the risk of dementia, but weight loss during the preclinical dementia phase may mask such effects.
Methods
We examined this hypothesis in 1,349,857 dementia-free participants from 39 cohort studies. BMI was assessed at baseline. Dementia was ascertained at follow-up using linkage to electronic health records (N = 6894). We assumed BMI is little affected by preclinical dementia when assessed decades before dementia onset and much affected when assessed nearer diagnosis.
Results
Hazard ratios per 5-kg/m2 increase in BMI for dementia were 0.71 (95% confidence interval = 0.66–0.77), 0.94 (0.89–0.99), and 1.16 (1.05–1.27) when BMI was assessed 10 years, 10-20 years, and >20 years before dementia diagnosis.
Conclusions
The association between BMI and dementia is likely to be attributable to two different processes: a harmful effect of higher BMI, which is observable in long follow-up, and a reverse-causation effect that makes a higher BMI to appear protective when the follow-up is short.
“Body mass index and risk of dementia: Analysis of individual-level data from 1.3 million individuals” by Mika Kivimäki’Correspondence information about the author Mika Kivimäki, Ritva Luukkonen, G. David Batty, Jane E. Ferrie, Jaana Pentti, Solja T. Nyberg, Martin J. Shipley, Lars Alfredsson, Eleonor I. Fransson, Marcel Goldberg, Anders Knutsson, Markku Koskenvuo, Eeva Kuosma, Maria Nordin, Sakari B. Suominen, Töres Theorell, Eero Vuoksimaa, Peter Westerholm, Hugo Westerlund, Marie Zins, Miia Kivipelto, Jussi Vahtera, Jaakko Kaprio, Archana Singh-Manoux, and Markus Jokela in Alzheimer’s & Dementia. Published online November 20 2017 doi:10.101
http://neurosciencenews.com/obesity-dementia-8074/
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